KPDS KASIM 2000 SORU VE CEVAPLARI
1-24 sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere
uygun düşen kelime veya ifadeyi bulunuz.
1. If you want that post you'd better apply
quickly; the last day for ____ applications is
Friday.
A) reversing
B) withholding
C) enforcing
D) submitting
E) committing
2. In this paper I should like to report some of
the results of an ____ study of two hundred
London families.
A) extreme
B) intrinsic
C) intensive
D) emphatic
E) apparent
3. Recent studies have shown that smokers
are more ____ to common colds and flu than
non-smokers.
A) feasible
B) susceptible
C) applicable
D) reliable
E) responsible
4. For the present, the party is expected to put
its differences aside and campaign ____ for a
victory at the forthcoming elections.
A) vigorously
B) awkwardly
C) precisely
D) distinctly
E) reluctantly
5. Industry has developed rapidly in certain
countries as raw materials are ____ available
there.
A) repeatedly
B) scarcely
C) consequently
D) abundantly
E) indefinitely
6. I wasn't at all impressed by the ____ he
gave me.
A) distribution
B) explanation
C) determination
D) complication
E) negotiation
7. The problem of how to ____ the vast
quantities of waste we produce, requires our
urgent attention.
A) bring up
B) win over
C) find out
D) put off
E) deal with
8. Once the children have grown up I shall
start travelling again, and I'm really ____ that.
A) passing on to
B) waiting up for
C) looking forward to
D) making up for
E) going along with
9. Infectious diseases are those which are
caused ____ an invasion of the body ____
organisms from outside.
A) through / with
B) by / by
C) over / through
D) in / without
E) upon / within
10. I did manage to keep my temper but I
couldn't refrain ____ pointing ____ that what
he had done was wrong.
A) in / at
B) at / to
C) by / away
D) for / off
E) from / out
11. it ____ a mistake to think that all bacteria
are harmful, for, without some species, we
____ for long.
A) is / had not survived
B) would be / could not survive
C) will be / have not survived
D) has been / would not have survived
E) had been / did not survive
12. Over the last few years, consumer interest
in organic agriculture ____ up dramatically,
and demand ____ currently ahead of supply.
A) has shot / is
B) shot / was
C) had shot / had been
D) is shooting / has been
E) was shooting / would be
13. Orwell ____ at that moment that when the
white man ____ tyrant it is his own freedom
that he destroys.
A) perceived / would turn
B) has perceived / turned
C) had perceived / has turned
D) would perceive / will turn
E) perceived / turns
14. Thesiger's passionate belief that traditional
societies around the world ____ against the
modern onslaught ____ fierce criticism.
A) were protected / will attract
B) have been protected / had attracted
C) are being protected / was attracting
D) ought to be protected / has attracted
E) would have been protected / would attract
15. All the reports ____ handed in last week,
but some of them still ____ me.
A) should have been / haven't reached
B) were / didn't reach
C) have been / won't reach
D) had been / didn't reach
E) would have been / don't reach
16. David Dickinson’s new play is a fairy-tale
romance, ____ a pregnant woman searches for
the father of her child during a torrential
rainstorm.
A) who
B) by whom
C) that
D) in which
E) whose
17. The true ecologist need not be a specialist
at all, ____ his views should reflect the
practical wisdom of ordinary people.
A) for
B) where
C) whether
D) in case
E) that
18. ____ half of the budget of the US National
Institute on Ageing is spent on research into
Alzheimer’s disease.
A) As much as
B) More of
C) Rather than
D) Other
E) The most
19. Great natural disasters cause ____
widespread death ____ massive social
disruption and outbreaks of epidemic disease.
A) much / as
B) so much / that
C) not only / but also
D) as / as
E) no sooner / than
20. Though they had ____ government backing
____ a potential home market, the company
poured billions of dollars into the project and
lost everything.
A) with / less
B) neither / nor
C) some / any
D) no / without
E) few / more
21. More importantly, Dobson's book is a
reminder of ____ powerful and radical green
thinking can be.
A) ever so
B) how far
C) wherever
D) much more
E) just how
22. You didn't have to invite all those people
out for lunch, so why ____?
A) didn't you
B) did you
C) have you
D) haven't you
E) don't you
23. This poem is generally supposed ____ in
the fifteenth century, but some people date it
even earlier.
A) being composed
B) to be composed
C) having been composed
D) to have composed
E) to have been composed
24. The failure so far to produce evidence of
life on any planet but ____ has given
continued strength to the belief in the
uniqueness of Earth.
A) us
B) their
C) ours
D) our
E) them
25-34 sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümlenin
Türkçe dengini bulunuz.
25. The proceedings in the English Parliament
during the past decade confirm the opinion
that scientific issues are becoming more
important in political decision making.
A) Bilimsel konuların, siyasi karar alma sürecini
giderek daha fazla etkilediği gerçeği İngiliz
Parlamentosu'nun geçen on yıllık
tutanaklarından anlaşılmaktadır.
B) İngiliz Parlamentosu'nun geçen on yıllık
süreye ilişkin tutanakları, siyasi kararlarda
bilimsel konuların her zaman için önemli
olduğu gerçeğini ortaya koymaktadır.
C) İngiliz Parlamentosu'ndaki son on yıllık süreye
ilişkin tutanaklar, bilimsel konuların siyasi
karar almada giderek daha çok önem
kazanmakta olduğu görüşünü teyit etmektedir.
D) Siyasi kararlarda bilimsel konuların daha
önemli olmaya başladığı, İngiliz
Parlamentosu'ndaki geçen on yıllık
tutanakların incelenmesiyle ortaya çıkmıştır.
E) Son on yılda bilimsel konuların, İngiliz
Parlamentosu'nda alınan siyasi kararlarda
önemli bir yer tutmaya başladığı gerçeği,
tutanaklardan anlaşılmaktadır.
26. The question we have to answer is how the
60 trillion cells composing the human body
communicate with each other and keep the
body as a whole in balance.
A) Bizce ilk önce cevaplanması gereken soru, 60
trilyon hücreden oluşan insan vücudunun
nasıl iletişim sağladığı ve bir bütün olarak
nasıl dengede kaldığıdır.
B) Cevaplamamız gereken soru, insan vücudunu
oluşturan 60 trilyon hücrenin birbiriyle nasıl
iletişim kurduğu ve vücudu bir bütün olarak
nasıl dengede tuttuğudur.
C) Bizce, insan vücudunda yer alan 60 trilyon
hücrenin birbirleriyle nasıl iletişim kurduğu ve
vücudu genel olarak nasıl dengede tuttuğu
hâlâ cevap bekleyen bir sorudur.
D) İnsan vücudunu oluşturan ve vücut
bütünlüğünü dengede tutan 60 trilyon
hücrenin birbiriyle nasıl iletişim kurduğu
sorusu cevaplanmalıdır.
E) Öncelikle cevaplanması gereken soru insan
vücudundaki 60 trilyon hücrenin, vücut
dengesini sağlamak için birbiriyle nasıl iletişim
kurduğudur.
27. Today the more we learn through science
and technology, the farther the limits of what
we don't know spread out towards infinity.
A) Bugün bilim ve teknoloji yardımıyla çok şey
öğreniyor olsak da hala bilmediklerimizin
sınırları sonsuzluğun derinliklerine kadar
uzanmaktadır.
B) Bugünün bilim ve teknolojisiyle
öğrendiklerimiz, eskisinden çok olsa da
bilmediğimiz şeylerin sınırları derin bir
sonsuzluğa doğru uzanıyor.
C) Bugün bilim ve teknoloji vasıtasıyla çok şey
öğreniyoruz; ancak, bilmediklerimizin sınırları
büyük bir sonsuzluk içinde kalmaya devam
ediyor.
D) Bugün bilim ve teknolojiden yararlanarak çok
şey öğrenmemize karşın, bilmediklerimiz
uçsuz bucaksız bir sonsuzluk oluşturmaktadır.
E) Bugün bilim ve teknoloji vasıtasıyla ne kadar
çok öğreniyorsak, bilmediklerimizin sınırları da
o kadar çok sonsuzluğa doğru uzanmaktadır.
28. In sunny days, plants receive far more
energy through photosynthesis than they can
use.
A) Bitkilerin güneşli günlerde fotosentez yoluyla
aldıkları enerji gereksinimlerini karşılar.
B) Bitkiler, güneş ışığından fotosentez sırasında
harcayabileceklerinden daha fazla enerji
alırlar.
C) Güneşli günlerde bitkiler fotosentez yoluyla,
harcayabileceklerinden çok daha fazla enerji
alırlar.
D) Bitkiler, güneşli günlerde fotosentez yoluyla
güneş ışığından aldıkları enerjiyi harcarlar.
E) Bitkiler, kullanabilecekleri enerjiyi fotosentez
yoluyla, güneşli günlerde daha fazla alabilirler.
29. Over the years, magazines like The
Economist have spread the idea that financial
growth means "development' and that this
"development" is good for the Third World.
A) Kalkınmanın mali büyüme anlamına geldiği ve
bunun Üçüncü Dünya için çok yararlı
olabileceği düşüncesi, The Economist dergisi
tarafından yıllardan beri ileri sürülmektedir.
B) “KaIkınma”nın mali büyümeyi gerektirdiği ve
bu “büyümenin" Üçüncü Dünya için yararlı
olduğu düşüncesini, The Economist gibi
dergiler yıllarca vurgulamıştır.
C) The Economist gibi dergiler, mali büyümenin
"kalkınma" olduğu düşüncesini ve Üçüncü
Dünya’nın böyle bir "kalkınma"yı hedef alması
gerektiğini yıllarca savunmuştur.
D) Yıllardan beri The Economist ve benzeri diğer
dergiler Üçüncü Dünya için yararlı olan
"kalkınma"nın, mali büyüme ile aynı anlama
geldiğini savunmaktadır.
E) Yıllar boyunca, The Economist gibi dergiler,
mali büyümenin "kalkınma" anlamına geldiğini
ve bu "kalkınma"nın Üçüncü Dünya için
yararlı olduğu düşüncesini yaydılar.
30. It is well known that regional political
disputes over scarce natural resources may
cause troubles that go beyond the boundaries
of a single region.
A) Tek bir bölgenin sınırlarını aşan sorunların,
yetersiz doğal kaynaklar nedeniyle bölgesel
politik huzursuzluklara yol açacağı
bilinmektedir.
B) Bir bölgede doğal kaynakların yetersiz
olmasının, o bölgenin dışında bazı politik
rahatsızlıklara yol açacağı çok iyi
bilinmektedir.
C) Gayet iyi bilinmektedir ki kıt doğal kaynaklara
ilişkin bölgesel politik anlaşmazlıklar tek bir
bölgenin sınırlarını aşan sorunlara yol açabilir.
D) Gayet iyi bilinmektedir ki doğal kaynakların kıt
olmasıyla ilgili bölgesel politik sorunlar o
bölgenin sınırlarını aşar.
E) Doğal kaynakların kıt olmasının yol açtığı
bölgesel politik sorunların tek bir bölgeyle
sınırlı kalmadığı çok iyi bilinmektedir.
31. Many people think that multinationals are
more powerful than nation states and that they
are determined to destroy anything that
reduces their profits.
A) Birçok insan, çokuluslu şirketlerin ulus
devletlerinden daha güçlü olduğunu ve
bunların karlarını azaltan her şeyi yok etmeye
kararlı olduğunu düşünüyor.
B) Birçok insan, karlarını kısıtlayan her şeyi yok
etmeye hazır oldukları için, çokuluslu
şirketlerin ulus devletlerinden çok daha güçlü
olduğunu düşünüyor.
C) Çoğu insan, çokuluslu şirketler ulus
devletlerinden daha güçlü için, bunların
karlarına yönelik her engeli ortadan
kaldırabileceğini düşünmektedir.
D) Çoğu insanın düşündüğü gibi, çokuluslu
şirketler ulus devletlerinden daha güçlüdür ve
bunlar, kar etmelerine engel olan her şeyi
ortadan kaldırmaya kararlıdır.
E) Çokuluslu şirketlerin, ulus devletlerinden daha
güçlü olmalarının onlara, karlarını azaltan her
şeyi ortadan kaldırma gücü verdiğini düşünen
birçok insan vardır.
32. Most of the developing countries, with
rapidly growing populations in Asia, Africa
and Latin America, find it difficult to invest
enough in education.
A) Nüfusu hızla artmakta olan Asya, Afrika ve
Latin Amerika'da, gelişmekte olan çok sayıda
ülke eğitime yeterli kaynak ayırmakta
zorlanıyor.
B) Asya, Afrika ve Latin Amerika'da nüfusu hızla
artan gelişmekte olan ülkelerin çoğu, eğitime
yeterli yatırım yapmakta güçlük çekiyor.
C) Asya, Afrika ve Latin Amerika'daki hızlı nüfus
artışı, gelişmekte olan ülkeleri eğitime daha
fazla yatırım yapmaya zorluyor.
D) Nüfustaki hızlı artış nedeniyle, Asya, Afrika
Latin Amerika'daki gelişmekte olan ülkelerin
çoğunun eğitime yeterli yatırım yapması
giderek zorlaşıyor.
E) Asya, Afrika ve Latin Amerika'da eğitime
yeterli yatırım yapmakta güçlük çeken ve
nüfusu hızla artan birçok gelişmekte olan ülke
vardır.
33. The European Molecular Biology Council,
which represents the member states of the
European Union, will co-ordinate advanced
research into genetics.
A) Genetik alanında ileri araştırmaların
eşgüdümünü sağlayacak olan Avrupa
Moleküler Biyoloji Konseyi, Avrupa Birliği'ne
üye devletlerin temsilcilerinden oluşmaktadır.
B) Avrupa Birliği'ne üye devletlerin oluşturduğu
Avrupa Moleküler Biyoloji Konseyi, genetik
alanındaki araştırmaları destekleyecektir.
C) Genetik alanında ileri araştırmaların
eşgüdümü, Avrupa Birliği'ne üye devletlerin
oluşturduğu Avrupa Moleküler Biyoloji
Konseyi tarafından sağlanabilir.
D) Avrupa Birliği'ne üye devletleri temsil eden
Avrupa Moleküler Biyoloji Konseyi, genetik
alanındaki ileri araştırmaların eşgüdümünü
sağlayacak.
E) Avrupa Moleküler Biyoloji Konseyi, Avrupa
Birliği'ne üye devletlerin genetik alanında
yürüttüğü yoğun araştırmaların eşgüdümünü
sağlayacak.
34. According to a report published last week,
annual stipends for British graduate students
should be increased by more than a third.
A) Geçen hafta yayımlanan bir rapora göre,
İngiliz lisansüstü öğrencilerinin yıllık bursları
üçte birden daha fazla artırılmalıdır.
B) Geçen hafta açıklanan rapora göre, İngiliz
lisansüstü öğrencileri harçlarının yıllık olarak
üçte birden daha fazla artması gerekir.
C) Geçen hafta yayımlanan bir rapora göre,
İngiliz lisansüstü öğrencilerinin üçte birinden
daha fazlasının yıllık burslarının artırılması
şarttır.
D) Geçen hafta yayımlanan bir rapor
doğrultusunda, İngiliz lisansüstü öğrenci
harçlarının her yıl üçte bir oranından daha
fazla artırılmasına karar verildi.
E) Geçen hafta açıklanmış olan bir rapora
dayanarak, İngiliz lisansüstü öğrencilerine
yapılan yıllık ödemeler üçte birden daha fazla
artırıldı.
35-44 sorularda, verilen Türkçe cümlenin
İngilizce dengini bulunuz.
35. İskandinavya’da pek çok gölde balıkların
yok olması, muhtemelen, asit yağmurundan
kaynaklanan kirliliğin bir sonucudur.
A) The disappearance of fish from many lakes in
Scandinavia has probably been the result of
pollution caused by acid rain.
B) The disappearance of so many fish from the
lakes of Scandinavia can be traced to
pollution by acid rain.
C) Acid rain has apparently polluted the many
lakes of Scandinavia resulting in the
disappearance of the fish.
D) Many of the lakes of Scandinavia would have
been polluted as a result of this acid rain and,
consequently the fish lost.
E) The disappearance of so many fish from the
lakes of Scandinavia is due to pollution from
acid rain.
36. Pasifik Okyanusu'nun Atlantik
Okyanusu'ndan ayrı olduğunu ilk fark eden
Avrupalı, İspanyol kaşif Vasco de Balboa idi.
A) Even so, it was the Spanish explorer Vasco
de Balboa who was the first European to
notice that the Pacific and the Atlantic were
separate oceans.
B) The Spanish explorer Vasco de Balboa was
the first European to realise that the Pacific
Ocean and the Atlantic Ocean were
separated.
C) The first European to recognise the Pacific
Ocean as distinct from the Atlantic Ocean was
the Spanish explorer Vasco de Balboa.
D) Vasco de Balboa of Spain was the first
European to discover that the Pacific and the
Atlantic oceans were separate.
E) Until the Spanish explorer Vasco de Balboa
made the discovery, Europeans did not
realise that the Atlantic Ocean and the Pacific
Ocean were distinct.
37. İlk kez 1853'te yayınlanmış olan Villette,
Charlotte Bronte'nin duygusal konuları ele
alan ikinci romanıdır.
A) Villette, which is the second novel by
Charlotte Bronte to deal with these issues
emotionally, was first published in 1853.
B) Villette, first published in 1853, is Charlotte
Bronte's second novel to deal with emotional
issues.
C) Villette, Charlotte Bronte's second novel to
come out in 1853, treats emotional issues.
D) With the publication of her second novel
Villette, in 1853 Charlotte Bronte aroused
much interest.
E) In her second novel, Villette, first published in
1853, Charlotte Bronte treats these issues
emotionally.
38. Kızılderililer arasında din, bireyle tanrı
arasındaki bir ilişki olarak değil, daha çok belli
bir tanrıyla bir toplum arasındaki sözleşme
olarak görülür.
A) Religion, among American-Indian people, is
not regarded as a personal relationship
between the deity and each individual, but
rather as a covenant between a particular
deity and a community.
B) Religion, for the American-Indian people,
means an agreement between some special
deity and the community, there is no concept
of a personal relationship between the deity
and an individual.
C) For the American-Indian people, there is no
concept of a personal relationship between a
deity and an individual but only between a
specific deity and a community.
D) The American-Indian people believe that each
community has a special deity, but that there
can never be a personal relationship between
a deity and an individual.
E) The concept of a personal relationship
between an individual and a deity has no
place in the religion of the American-Indian
people, who regard their deity as common to
the community.
39. Bu istatistiklere göre, doğal afetlerin
sonucu olan küresel ekonomik kayıplar,
1960'lardan beri her on yılda bir ikiye
katlanmaktadır.
A) There is evidence to suggest that, since the
1960s, global economic losses from natural
disasters have increased two-fold.
B) The statistics of the 1960s show that
economic losses had doubled during the
decade as a result of natural disasters around
the world.
C) It has been statistically proved that every ten
years since l960, natural disasters have
resulted in worldwide economic losses.
D) According to these statistics, global economic
losses, as a result of natural disasters, have
doubled every decade since the 1960s.
E) The statistical evidence suggests that global
economic losses arising from natural
disasters have, since the 1960s, increased
two-fold.
40. Liberaller, Sosyalistler ve Yeşiller’in daha
önce denenmemiş bir koalisyonu olan yeni
Belçika hükümetinin önceliği, kamu
harcamalarını denetim altına almaktır.
A) The priority for the new Belgian government
which is a previously untried coalition of
Liberals, Socialists and Greens, is to bring
public expenditure under control.
B) The newly formed Belgian government, a
coalition bringing together for the first time
Liberals, Socialists and Greens, seems
determined to bring public expenditure under
control.
C) For the first time, Belgian has a coalition
government consisting of Liberals, Socialists
and Greens and it is giving priority to curbing
public expenditure.
D) The former Belgian coalition government,
comprising for the first time Liberals,
Socialists and Greens had, for its first aim, the
curbing of public expenditure.
E) The drastic reduction in public expenditure is
the first success of Belgian's new coalition
government made up of, for the first time,
Liberals, Socialists and Greens.
41. Avrupa Birliğinin yayımladığı yeni rapora
göre, üye ülkelerin çoğunda ekonomi oldukça
yavaş büyüyecek, ancak daha rekabetçi ve
saydam olacak.
A) The new report issued by the European Union
to member countries warns that economic
growth will be slow, but it will be competitive
and transparent.
B) In a new report issued by the European
Union, it is suggested that some member
countries should expect the economy to grow
rather slowly but more competitively and
transparently.
C) The majority of the member countries of the
European Union, must, according to the
report, expect the economy to grow in a
manner that is both competitive and
transparent.
D) According to the new report released by the
European Union, in the majority of the
member countries, the economy will grow
rather slowly but will become more
competitive and transparent.
E) According to the report issued by the
European Union to member countries,
economic growth is expected to be more
competitive and transparent, but rather slow.
42. Artezyen kuyularının eski Mısır’da ve
Çin’de bilindiği ve Büyük Sahra’da en eski
çağlardan beri var olduğu, tarihi belgelerden
anlaşılmaktadır.
A) From historical documents we can easily
understand that there were artesian wells in
ancient Egypt and China and in the Sahara,
too, from earliest times.
B) It is apparent from historical documents that
artesian wells were known in ancient Egypt
and China and that they have existed in the
Sahara since earliest times.
C) There are historical documents to prove that
there were artesian wells in ancient Egypt and
China, and that they have existed in the
Sahara since earliest times.
D) Historical documents support the theory that
artesian wells were known in ancient Egypt
and China and that, since earliest times they
have been developed in the Sahara.
E) The existence of artesian wells in ancient
Egypt and China, and since earliest times in
the Sahara, is well documented in historical
records.
43. İspanya Kralı II. Philip tarafından 1588’de
İngiltere’ye karşı sevk edilen İspanyol
Armadası, 129 gemiden oluşuyor ve 2000’den
fazla top ile 19 000 asker taşıyordu.
A) The Spanish Armada which King Philip II of
Spain sent against England in 1588 was
guarded by 129 ships carrying more than
2000 cannons and more than 19 000 soldiers.
B) It was the Spanish King Philip II who sent 129
ships, carrying 19 000 soldiers and 2000
cannons, against England in 1588 as a part of
the Armada.
C) The Spanish Armada of 1588 was sent
against England by Philip II of Spain to attack
129 ships, 19 000 soldiers and over 2000
cannons.
D) The Spanish Armada sent against England in
1588 by King Philip II of Spain, comprised 129
ships, and carried 19.000 soldiers and more
than 2000 cannons.
E) The Spanish Armada that King Philip II of
Spain, planned to sent against England in
1588, was comprised of 129 ships carrying
19.000 soldiers and over 2000 cannons.
44. Bir binanın aldığı biçim, hangi işlev için
kullanılacağına, mimarın estetik anlayışına ve
benimsenen yapı yöntemine bağlıdır.
A) The form a building finally takes is determined
by the purpose it is to serve, the architect’s
aesthetic taste and structural techniques.
B) The final form of a building depends upon the
function it is to serve, the architect’s aesthetic
sense and structural requirements.
C) The function it is to serve, the architect’s own
feeling for form and any structural
requirements, all affect the form a building
takes.
D) The appearance of a building is influenced by
its usefulness, the architect’s special whims,
and the manner of construction.
E) The form which a building takes depends
upon the function for which it is to be used,
the architect’s aesthetic sense and the
structural method adopted.
45-52 sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun şekilde
tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz.
45. ____ a greet many alarming theories are
sure to spring to the fore.
A) Before the truth had been verified
B) Even though his death had almost certainly
been from natural causes
C) If several perfectly natural explanations had
been put forward
D) Whenever there are anonymous terrorist
attacks
E) As soon as this admittedly unpleasant
incident got forgotten
46. ____ I would never have felt the need to
read them.
A) Whichever of these modern plays he may
decide to direct
B) Unless some books on the care of house
plants are given to me as a present
C) However many cookery books my husband
may care to give me
D) Until I saw him intently reading those sermons
E) If she had not written so enthusiastically about
the diaries of Scott of the Antarctica
47. ____ she did not turn seriously to writing
until after her husband's death in 1883.
A) Although Kate Chopin had previously
contemplated a literary career
B) Since Kate Chopin had been thinking about a
literary career
C) As far as Kate Chopin's interest in literature
was concerned
D) Once Kate Chopin had decided to live the rest
of her life in New Orleans
E) However much interest Kate Chopin's short
stories have aroused
48. In 1922 Hemingway settled in Paris ____ .
A) whether he would be awarded the Nobel Prize
in Literature in 1954
B) if the life of a journalist hadn't attracted him
even more than the life of a novelist
C) that he wrote stories and novels about the
Americans living there just as Henry James
had done
D) since he soon gave up journalism for fiction
E) where he moved in a circle of American
expatriates that included Ezra Pound and
Scott Fitzgerald
49. Since Samaranch assumed leadership of
the International Olympic Committee, ____ .
A) any disagreements at meetings had been
leaked to the press
B) he has done much to raise the prestige of the
Games
C) his policies conflicted with the principles of the
ancient Olympics
D) the present situation concerning the 2002
Games calls for urgent action
E) this was the first time he talked about his
resignation
50. Since the cleaning up of the pollution of
the seas is so expensive, ____ .
A) the project had progressed as expected
B) large corporations would offer contributions
C) the question of liability inevitably arises
D) excessive care provided the answer
E) the final result has still to be analysed
51. ____ that his play “The CrucibIe” was a cry
of protest against the anti-Communist zealotry
of the McCarthy era.
A) Arthur Miller had been seriously
misunderstood
B) Among the modern American dramatists it
was Arthur Miller
C) Arthur Miller himself always maintained
D) Arthur Miller has been widely read
E) As far as Arthur Miller is concerned
52. Though the word "democracy" is often
used, ____ .
A) they are basically quite different from each
other
B) we had agreed on a definition
C) majority rule and minority rights went back
even further
D) it means different things to different people
E) it has been argued that democracy and an
advanced level of civilisation go together
53-58 sorularda, verilen cümleye anlamca en
yakın olan cümleyi bulunuz.
53. Worries that the strong yen will hurt
exports and strangle Japan's economic
recovery, have pushed share prices sharply
down.
A) The strong yen, which is having an adverse
effect on exports and on the nation's
economic position generally, is responsible for
the sudden drop in share prices in Japan.
B) The strong yen is having an adverse effect on
exports and putting an end to all Japan's
hopes of economic recovery, and so share
prices have dropped sharply.
C) Share prices have dropped noticeably in
Japan for it is feared that the strong yen will
adversely affect exports and make the
nation's economic recovery impossible.
D) The sudden drop in share prices, and worries
about the strong yen, are having an adverse
effect on Japan's exports and indeed her
economic recovery at large.
E) The noticeable drop in share prices in Japan
has set people worrying about the yen, about
exports and even about the process of
economic recovery.
54. A good book review lets you know whether
it's the sort of book you want to read or not.
A) To be good, a book review has to establish
who would enjoy reading it.
B) One ought to be able to understand from a
book review which books are worth reading.
C) The prime function of any book review should
be to establish whether or not a book is worth
reading.
D) According to book reviews, all books are
worth reading.
E) You can understand from a good book review
whether or not it's the kind of book you enjoy.
55. Millions of Germans are uneasy about the
prospect of reform because they fear the
process will be painful, but they suspect that
in the long run it will have to come.
A) As they expect the process of reform will
prove extremely painful, millions of Germans
are reluctant to admit that in the end it will
have to come.
B) Though it's obvious that, sooner or later
reform is inevitable, the feeling among a lot of
people in Germany is that it should be
postponed for as long as possible.
C) A great many people in Germany find the
likelihood of reform worrying as they are
afraid it will prove unpleasant, but they have a
feeling that in the end it will be inevitable.
D) Since the process of reform promises to be
unpleasant, the majority of Germans are
trying to pretend that it need never happen.
E) Though they admit that there is a need for
reform, millions of Germans nevertheless fear
the process, which will inevitably be painful,
and seek to postpone it.
56. Most of the company's factories are in the
north of England and until recently the head
office was also there, but now it is in London.
A) The company used to have its head office in
the north of England where most of the
factories are, but it was moved to London a
short while ago.
B) The company is setting up more factories in
the north of England where, until recently, its
head office was, before it was moved to
London.
C) The company is moving its head office to
London though the majority of its factories are
still in the north of England.
D) Once the company's head office has moved
to London most of the factories will gradually
be moved there from the north of England.
E) The head office of the company which is in
the north of England where most of the
factories are, will shortly be moved to London.
57. There are few large firms where the top
people are willing to admit that they don't
know something.
A) There are few people at the top of a large
company who need to admit they don't know
something.
B) In the really top firms it's rare that people will
admit to being ignorant about anything.
C) It's only the top people in a company of any
standing that have the courage to admit
ignorance on any point.
D) it's not often that the people in charge of a
large company are willing to confess their
ignorance on any matter.
E) There are only a few firms, in which the
directors ever dare to share their knowledge
with others.
58. Although Windows 2000 has a number of
features that distinguish it from NT4, and
make it more flexible, more secure and easier
to maintain, the main aim has been something
altogether different.
A) Although windows 2000 and NT4 have a
number of features in common, the former is
more flexible, safer and easier of
maintenance, and in other ways too, quite
different.
B) Windows 2000 is certainly different in several
aspects from NT4 with the result that it is less
rigid, safer and upkeep is less complex; but
these changes do not by any means
constitute the main goal.
C) The main aim with Windows 2000 was to give
it certain features like flexibility, security and
ease of maintenance so as to distinguish it
from NT4.
D) The main goal in producing Windows 2000
was not to distinguish it from NT4 by making it
less rigid, safer and easier of upkeep, but
those are certainly some of its features.
E) Flexibility, security and ease of maintenance
are some of the features that distinguish
Windows 2000 from NT4 and these constitute
the main aim in producing it.
59-64 sorularda, parçada boş bırakılan yere
uygun düşen ifadeyi bulunuz.
59. The creation of a single European state,
towards which the single currency is a major
step, will serve only to further the scope and
power of large corporations. ____ .
Undoubtedly, the single currency will
significantly accelerate the process of
economic globalisation, but the consequences
could prove disastrous.
A) Similarly, small businesses and communities
will have no voice in this corporate Europe
B) Moreover, the further away government drifts
from the communities it is supposed to serve,
the less accountable it will become
C) The ongoing standardisation of European
culture, taste and regulations can only be
achieved with the unanimous support of all
Europeans
D) It is unlikely that ordinary people will ever
achieve access to the working strategies of
the institutions that govern them
E) It is, indeed, these corporations which have
called most persistently for a single currency
60. Why are organisations important? ____ .
The working force, which means the bulk of
the adult population, spends more than a third
of its waking hours in the organisations by
which it is employed. The life of the child takes
place to almost an equal extent in the
environment of the school organisation.
A) The answer is that organisations are
important because people spend so much of
their time in them
B) The obvious answer might be that it is
organisations that give employment to the
workforce
C) Housewives are obviously less affected by
organisations than working women in full-time
employment
D) Influence processes can be specific or they
can be diffuse
E) It is often argued that organisations have a
profound influence on human behaviour
61. The anthology has been edited by two very
fine poets, but the result is disappointing.
Quite simply, it fails to excite. ____ . Further,
the selection itself is overburdened by the
need to support this thesis.
A) Each new anthology is, in a way, a new effort
to reassess the past
B) The bibliographical material, moreover, is
correspondingly informative
C) The selection also includes, besides old
favourites, many delightful poems that have
been unfairly overlooked
D) The introduction is without originality and
indeed says nothing
E) The introduction is heavy and the thesis that
poetry has been fully “democratised" since
World War I, is overstated
62. In certain countries, air pollution from road
traffic kills more people per year than fatal car
crashes. According to a study carried out in
Sweden, traffic fumes cause lung cancer and,
hence, a high rate of mortality. ____ . People
who have only lived in areas of heavy traffic
for ten years are 20 per cent more likely to
develop the illness.
A) On the contrary, the effects of the pollution
caused by road traffic have proved to be fatal
B) Researchers have found that those living in
areas of high density traffic for a period of
thirty years are 40 per cent more likely to
contact the disease
C) A lot of people are hospitalised as a result of
accidents on roads and this puts a great strain
on health resources
D) Clearly, further measures are needed to
reduce air pollution caused by traffic, as well
as that caused by industry
E) Similar studies have been carried out in other
countries with similar results
63. ____ . This, we are assured, will enable it
to become more "efficient". All affiliated
sectors are targeted: hospital care and other
care services, ambulance services, care for
the aged, social benefits, and the highlylucrative
area of plastic surgery. Patients
would henceforth become customers, and
hospitals health-care supermarkets.
A) The medico-pharmaceutical industry is one of
the world’s leading business sectors and one
with an enormous potential for growth and
profits in the new century
B) In fact, to subject healthcare to the laws of the
market can only lead to increased inequality
and tension in the country
C) After the privatisation of telecommunications
and postal services, it is now the turn of the
health sector to be opened up to competition
and eventual take-over by corporations
D) The service sector, in which health-care is
included, is as vast as it is undefined
E) For over fifty years, access to health-care for
all has come to be regarded as a fundamental
human right in many countries
64. In 1906 the US authorities declared cocaine
illegal and then prohibited its import. ____ . In
financial, artistic and political milieu in the US,
it is regarded as synonymous with opulence
and distinction. Therefore, its desirability has
launched a fabulous business known as narco
traffic.
A) At present, the US market almost entirely
absorbs Latin American drug production
B) Towards the end of the nineteenth century,
cocaine consumption spread through the
upper classes of both Europe and the US
C) In Peru, for example, the cocaine industry
occupies 15 per cent of the active labour force
and reports a yearly income of one billion US
dollars
D) In spite of the prohibition, cocaine has all
through the century been much in demand
E) The US approach to the popularity of cocaine
is a classic example of the misrepresentation
of the real problem
65-70 sorularda, anlam bakımından hangi
cümlenin parçaya uymadığını bulunuz.
65. (I) All countries have a central bank, in
many cases owned and operated by the
government. (II) One of the oldest of the
central banks is the Bank of England. (III) The
duties of a central bank usually include the
issuing of new bank notes. (IV) It originated in
1694 when a number of business men grouped
together to form a bank to raise a loan for the
government. (V) This bank-government
relationship continued to develop and in 1946
the Bank of England was nationalised.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
66. (I) As supplies of natural resources, prices
and so on, change throughout the world,
different countries may find their areas of
comparative advantage changing. (II) One
example of this is in the production of steel.
(III) South Korea, for instance, has become
increasingly competitive in steel products. (IV)
The consumer goods exported from Japan
constitute a similar competitive threat. (V) The
result is, steelmakers in Western Europe are
losing some of their markets to South Korea.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
67. (I) Solomon is traditionally regarded as one
of the wisest kings of ancient times. (II) By the
end of his reign his subjects were extremely
discontented with his policies. (Ill) His
reputation for wisdom is not without
foundation. (IV) Since he inherited a large and
relatively peaceful empire from his father,
David, he was able to concentrate on
economic matters. (V) Soon he proved a
genius at exploiting a number of major trade
routes as well as developing the copper mines
south of the Dead Sea.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
68. (I) Bonnington is now Britain’s best known
mountaineer. (II) The book he wrote about the
journey was a best-seller. (III) He is not ,
perhaps, as famous as Edmund Hillary, who
was the first man to have conquered the
world’s highest mountain. (IV) But he was the
first to reach the top via Everest’s previously
unclimbed South-West Face. (V)This route had
already been attempted on six occasions but
on each occasion the result had been a defeat.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
69. (I) For many centuries most people thought
the world was flat. (II) As a result they
presumed that if one sailed to the edge of the
world one would fall off into space. (III)
Columbus postulated that the world was
round and that one could sail round it. (IV)
There were other great Spanish explorers
besides Columbus. (V) He tested his theory
and proved empirically that the earth was not
flat.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
70. (I) During World War II submarines played
a key role in all the world’s oceans. (II) In the
Atlantic, German submarines began to sink
British shipping far faster than it could be
replaced. (III) Consequently, Britain came
close to defeat. (IV) The British airforce
continued to patrol the seas and protect
shipping. (V) It was really only the discovery of
submarine-detecting radar that saved her.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
71-76 sorularda, verilen durumda
söylenebilecek ifadeyi bulunuz.
71. Somehow a week has gone by before you
learn that a very good friend has suddenly
been taken ill. When you do learn you
immediately resolve to visit her that same
evening, but in the meanwhile you send
flowers and with them a note saying:
A) Why didn't you stay in hospital a little longer?
You'd have been well-looked after there.
B) Do you try to cheer up! I'm sure it's not so
bad! I'll try to come and see you tomorrow
evening.
C) No one told me you were ill till this morning. I'll
drop by when I can. Take your medicines like
a good girl!
D) I only learned this morning that you'd been ill.
I'll come round after work today. Till then take
care!
E) Can't wait to see you! I'll come round later. Let
me know if there's anything you need.
72. A friend is planning to do a make-over in
her sitting-room, and is talking about brilliant
lime-green walls and a bright blue fitted
carpet. It's going to cost a lot of money and
you think she'll get tired of the scheme before
long and regret having spent so much money
on it. So you try to put her off and say rather
reasonably:
A) it's not the sort of colour scheme I'd choose,
but it’s you who will be living with it, not me!
B) it might look fine so long as the curtains are a
natural shade.
C) That's a ridiculous idea! Forget it.
D) Bright colours are terribly popular at present,
so you'll be right in the fore of fashion.
E) Can't you bring some bright colours into the
room with cheaper articles like cushions and
rugs?
73. The new secretary has made rather a lot of
mistakes during her first week in the office, so
a lot of people are criticising her. You think
that she'll be fine once she has settled in
properly and learned the routine. So you say:
A) The worst thing about her is her manner, and,
of course, the way she dresses!
B) Let her see how displeased we are with her.
C) Give her a chance to get used to the work and
to what we expect of her.
D) It's her typing that is bad, and I don't think that
will improve.
E) She was highly recommended. Let’s just hope
she does better next week.
74. You are buying a book for a colleague who
is retiring. It's not likely that she already has
the book you have chosen for her but you
want to be quite sure the shop will let her
exchange it for another if she wants to. So you
say to the shopkeeper:
A) She reads a lot, so she may have read it
already.
B) If she brings it back you will refund the
money, won't you?
C) If she should want to change it, I presume you
would allow her to, wouldn't you?
D) If she's already read it she can give it to
someone else, can't she?
E) Do I have to bring the receipt with me if I want
to change it?
75. You have a great deal of work to do on a
report this morning and are determined to be
left to do it undisturbed, no matter who may
call. You instruct your secretary to this effect
and say:
A) If anyone calls let them ring back after 3
o'clock unless it’s very urgent
B) You are to put through no telephone calls
whatsoever this morning, not even if it's the
managing director himself.
C) I want to finish this report today, so don't put
any calls through, unless my wife rings.
D) Remember, no calls please, unless it's the
boss himself.
E) If the managing director should ring please tell
him I've nearly finished the report.
76. A friend has been having a lot of
problems, at work and at home. She is badly in
need of a change and you decide to give her
an evening out. So you say:
A) After work, let's go and get something to eat,
and then go to a cinema.
B) If there had been any good films we could
have gone to the cinema.
C) I’m terribly busy next week, but I ought to be
free on Saturday.
D) Mary wants us to go around to her place this
evening; but I'm not keen to go.
E) The concert last night was excellent. You
should have made the effort and gone.
77-82 sorularda, karşılıklı konuşmanın boş
bırakılan kısmında söylenmiş olabilecek sözü
bulunuz.
77. Laura: They are spending awful lot on
advertising their new range of hair-care!
David: ____
Laura: What? A poor product?
David: Yes; very often it does anyhow.
A) Really? I hadn't noticed any.
B) I suppose they need to. There are so many
hair-care products.
C) And you know what excessive advertising
usually means, don't you?
D) Well, they haven't produced a new range for a
long time.
E) They don't need to. Their products are wellknown
and much appreciated.
78. Andrew: Why, if inflation is falling, has the
Bank of England raised interest rates?
Gerald: ____
Andrew: Well, yes; I suppose that makes
sense.
Gerald: And moreover, the present situation is
such as to justify a small rise now.
A) I didn't realise it had. We'd better see what
“The Financial Times” says about it.
B) Well, like you I can only make a guess; but it
seems to me there is something odd going
on.
C) To tell you the truth, I'm pleased. There'll be a
bit more in my bank account by the end of the
year.
D) Oh, it constantly goes up and down without
apparently any good reason.
E) I suppose because it is concerned, not about
present day inflation, but about what it will be
two years ahead.
79. Martin: Their latest advertising campaign is
scandalous.
Edward: Yes. But technically they are within
the law.
Martin: ____
Edward: So do I. But there's nothing we can
do about it.
A) I very much doubt it. In fact, I'm all for filing a
complaint against them.
B) We can launch a similar campaign.
C) Are you quite sure about that?
D) Still, I regard such tactics as completely
unethical.
E) We must take some action. What do you
suggest?
80. Jenny: How was the journey?
Brian: Quite pleasant, really. There was a
gorgeous sunset.
Jenny: "Sunset," did you say? Brian
Brian: ____
A) The sun sets later here than in the East.
B) Yes. I rarely get the chance to see a sunset,
so I thoroughly enjoyed watching it
C) If you want a really good sunset, there have to
be some clouds in the sky.
D) Yes. I find these short days and long nights
extremely depressing.
E) I suppose I did. But I didn't really mean to.
81. Matthew: Did you go to the theatre last
night to see Rod Davis' new play?
Carol: ____
Matthew: Why do you say that?
Carol: Well, I'd never heard of him before, so I
wasn't expecting much.
A) Yes I did, And it was surprisingly good.
B) No, My father suddenly arrived in town, so I
spent the evening with him.
C) Yes. And it was as boring as his previous
play!
D) No. I go tonight. And I'm looking forward to it.
E) I couldn't go so I gave my ticket to my sister.
82. Adrian: Are you going to that cocktail party
this evening?
Jennifer: Yes I am. It will be held in the garden,
you know.
Adrian: ____
Jennifer: How true! I hadn't thought of that.
A) Will you be going by car?
B) Are Jane and Mary coming too?
C) The Marsden still haven't decided whether to
go or not.
D) That's nice. We won't be in a room full of
smoke.
E) Let's go together. Can you come for me at 6
o'clock?
83-85 soruları, aşağıdaki parçaya göre
cevaplayınız.
Restorative justice does not ask 'how do we
punish?', but instead asks 'how do we get
people to take responsibility for what they
have done?'. Paying a fine, or even going to
prison are easy options for some people. They
are all ways that offenders can avoid taking
responsibility, because in this way they never
have to face the human reality of what they
have done. Prisons have been called
"universities for criminals". Young people go
in for unpaid fines, often for victimless crimes,
and they come out with a degree in burglary or
worse. I am not saying that the answer is to
tear down all prisons. Far from it. There are
people who are dangerous to society, who the
community will want to keep locked up. Prison
can also be part of a sentencing package
under restorative justice. But the vast majority
of people in prison are not violent, and do not
need to be there. What they do need is to be
brought face to face with the human reality of
the harm they have caused, and they must be
given an opportunity to rectify
83. In the opinion of the author, prisons ____ .
A) teach people to become better citizens
B) serve no useful purpose whatsoever
C) should be remodelled on the lines of
universities and polytechnics
D) should largely be reserved for violent people
who constitute a threat to society
E) are essential as more and more violence
occurs in society
84. According to the writer, such a traditional
punishment as fining ____ .
A) helps to keep the crime-rate down
B) actually helps offenders to avoid facing the
fact that they have hurt society
C) has been shown to be far more effective than
imprisonment
D) is highly effective if the offenders are young
E) is regarded as a harder option than
imprisonment
85. According to the passage, restorative
justice ____ .
A) regards most criminals as not being
responsible for the crimes they have
committed
B) is only concerned with punishment when the
criminal has proved violent
C) concentrates on criminal acts in which there is
no victim
D) is too idealised and has little chance of
working successfully
E) is less concerned with punishment than with
helping the offender to become a better
citizen
86-88 soruları, aşağıdaki parçaya göre
cevaplayınız.
In the coming weeks, wine makers north of the
equator will oversee the harvesting and
fermenting of the first vintage of the
millennium. But long before the finished
product reaches the shelves - before it even
makes it out of the barrel, in some cases -
samples will be offered to exporters and
distributors. A select group of wine critics will
also be given a taste. Most will record their
impressions in the extravagant prose that
wine journalists unfortunately love to use.
Others will go one step further and assign
numerical grades. These days a high score is
more effective than mere praise. it can make a
comparatively unknown wine into a highly
desirable one that everyone is seeking to buy.
86. According to the passage, before the new
season's wines even reach the shops, wine
critics will have ____ .
A) tasted samples and described or graded them
B) suggested suitable prices for each type
C) bought up large quantities of what they think
will sell well
D) advised producers on the fermenting process
for the next year's vintage
E) compared their impressions with those of
other wine critics
87. In the opinion of the writer, most of the
wine journalists ____ .
A) dislike the practice of awarding wines
numerical grades
B) generally use too many exotic words and
literary expressions
C) have very little influence on the public's choice
of wine
D) are less influential than distributors in the
business of buying and selling of wines
E) should be consulted at all stages of the winemaking
process
88. It is pointed out in the passage that the
practice of awarding numerical grades to
wines ____ .
A) is not as reliable or satisfactory as the
practice of describing wines
B) is not at all popular among exporters and
distributors
C) has had a truly amazing effect on wine sales
D) means that little known wines never get a
chance to be known
E) is rapidly giving way to the system of verbal
description
89-91 soruları, aşağıdaki parçaya göre
cevaplayınız.
One never finishes learning about art. There
are always new things to discover. Great
works of art seem to look different each time
one stands before them. They seem to be as
inexhaustible and unpredictable as real human
beings. It is an exciting world of its own with
its own strange laws and its own adventures.
Nobody should think he knows all about it, for
nobody does. Nothing, perhaps, is more
important than just this: that to enjoy these
works we must have a fresh mind, one which
is ready to catch every hint and to respond to
every hidden harmony: a mind, most of all that
has not been dulled by the terminology and
ready-made phrases of art appreciation. it is
infinitely better not to know anything about art
than to have the kind of half-knowledge which
makes for snobbishness. The danger is very
real.
89. According to the passage, great works of
art are, in a way, like real people ____ .
A) and we can expect to like them for some
reasons, dislike them for others
B) because there is a lot to learn about them
before we finally know them
C) and one needs a special vocabulary if one is
to discuss them effectively
D) because they can surprise us and give us
something new each time we face them
E) though, naturally, they are incapable of
change
90. The writer feels that, if we are to enjoy
works of art, we must ____ .
A) concentrate on the ones that appeal to us and
ignore those that don't
B) learn everything there is to learn about art
C) keep finding new works of art to look at and
compare them with our old favourites
D) look at them again and again until we have
seen and understood everything about them
E) come to them without preconceived ideas and
with a readiness to respond to whatever they
have to offer
91. In the opinion of the writer ____ .
A) the world of art is more exciting than the real
world
B) the clichés of art appreciation are extremely
dangerous and likely to stand in the way of
genuine appreciation
C) it is easy for everyone to appreciate great art
D) everyone can and should acquire some kind
of half-knowledge of art
E) it is not advisable to keep going back to a
work of art until we have exhausted all it has
to say to us
92-94 soruları, aşağıdaki parçaya göre
cevaplayınız.
In theory, the multimedia age should be killing
off bookshops. Who still has time to read
books, what with surfing the Internet, viewing
scores of new digital television channels, and
putting in ever-longer hours at work? And
presumably those few people who do still read
books will be buying them on the Internet.
After all, Amazon, a bookseller, is the most
cited example of a successful online retailer.
So much for the theory. What about the
practice? This week the largest bookshop in
Britain opened up in the old Simpson's of
Piccadilly in London. With 265,000 titles and
1.5 million books, the new branch of
Waterstone's stretches over seven floors. A
department store, which once sold everything
from sushi to plus-fours, is now devoted
entirely to one product - books. The new
Waterstone's is almost next door to
Hatchards, a mere five-storey bookshop, with
a well-established clientele, and two smaller
bookshops. It is also less than a mile from
Borders, another huge bookstore in Oxford
Street.
92. The passage suggests that, in this world of
technological advance one might, in theory,
expect that ____ .
A) Internet, among other things, would make
book shops obsolete
B) Internet would prove a serious rival to
television
C) smaller bookshops would be brought up by
larger ones
D) Internet book retailers like Amazon would find
few customers
E) new digital television channels have little
chance of success
93. in the passage, we are given a great deal of
information about the new Waterstone's
bookshop, ____ .
A) together with the number and quality of the
staff employed there
B) including the exact postal address
C) and the incredible variety of second hand
books to be found there is given special
emphasis
D) but it is the original use of floor space that
receives special attention
E) including the fact that the premises once
belonged to a department store that sold
literally every type of goods
94. As if to emphasise his own surprise, the
writer makes the point that the new
Waterstone's bookshop ____ .
A) is designed and run like a department store
B) has deprived neighbouring bookshops of a lot
of their trade
C) plans to open yet another branch in Oxford
Street
D) is situated in a neighbourhood of well--
established bookstores
E) is not likely to attract many customers
95-97 soruları, aşağıdaki parçaya göre
cevaplayınız.
The seventeenth-century scientist Francis
Bacon was the first to insist that science be
methodically separated from values so as to
make it truly 'neutral', or objective. In reality,
he did nothing of the sort. His 'scientific
knowledge', instead of being value-free, set
out explicitly and purposefully to give
humanity power over nature. 'Truth and utility
are perfectly identical,' he wrote in his “Novum
Organum”, and 'that which is most useful in
practice is most correct in theory'. In effect, he
merely replaced the old 'subjective' values of
'good' and 'evil' with the values of 'useful' and
'useless', or more precisely 'of contributing or
not contributing to man's domination over or
transformation of the natural world'. There
were to be no limits to this transformation. His
goal was explicitly stated. It was to 'achieve all
things achievable'. At least he was honest
enough to admit the fact. Modern science has
followed Bacon's lead exactly, but does not
admit it.
95. According to the author, the broad goals of
modern scientists are identical with those of
Bacon, ____ .
A) except that they regard nothing as 'useless'
B) only they avoid saying so
C) although Bacon never actually discussed
goals
D) and even more ambitious
E) but they consider him too subjective in his
outlook
96. It is argued in the passage that though
Bacon was determined to make science
objective and value-free, ____ .
A) he know he was setting himself an impossible
task
B) this was impossible as truth and utility are
inseparable
C) he did not want man to have dominion over
nature
D) he was himself greatly influenced by the
concepts of right and wrong
E) he actually simply substituted one set of
values for another
97. We understand from the passage that
Bacon regarded science as a means to ____ .
A) establish what was useful and what true
B) overcome such subjective values as 'good'
and 'evil'
C) protect the natural world and so preserve it
D) give man power over nature so he could
benefit from it
E) keep the natural world unchanged and
unspoilt
98-100 soruları, aşağıdaki parçaya göre
cevaplayınız.
If a greater proportion of the food people eat
were to be locally produced, this would be of
great benefit to the farmer. A mix of local,
regional, national, and international
production would still be available; indeed, the
goal would not be to put an end to the
international trade in food, but to avoid
transporting food thousands of miles when it
could instead be produced next door. Such a
shift would help revitalise rural economies
ruined by the global economy. Less money
would go into the hands of corporate
middlemen, and far more would remain in the
hands of farmers, This would especially be the
case with the direct marketing of food via
farmers' markets and farm stands and other
forms of community supported agriculture. If
farmers were not impelled to specialise their
production in a few global commodities, the
trend towards ever larger and more highly
mechanised farms would slow down.
Moreover, since small farms use a
proportionally higher amount of human labour
than mechanised inputs, a return to smaller
farms would help bring back some of the
700.000 farm jobs the UK has lost during the
last half-century of agricultural progress.
98. It is pointed out in the passage that it
would be to the advantage of the farmer and
the rural economy at large if ____ .
A) people were to eat locally produced food
more often
B) the sale of farm products were in the hands of
corporate middlemen
C) the advantages of a global economy were
better appreciated
D) the practice of direct marketing of food at
farmers' markets were forbidden
E) the marketing of all food products were at a
national or international level
99. According to the author, farms are growing
larger and more highly mechanised ____ .
A) as this is the only sure way to make money
out of farming
B) as this is what the rural community wants
C) since no one is willing to work on the land
D) because imported foodstuffs are so much
cheaper
E) because farmers feel obliged to concentrate
on a very few products for global markets
100. The author is opposed to the trend
towards larger and mere highly mechanised
farms ____ .
A) as they result in unnecessarily high food
prices
B) since the quality of food they produce is poor
C) because it has resulted in a great many farm
labourers losing their jobs
D) though he admits the quality of food they
produce is high
E) though this is what the owners of small farms
want
KPDS 2000 KASIM
1) D 26) E 51) D 76) D
2) A 27) A 52) E 77) C
3) B 28) E 53) E 78) E
4) E 29) B 54) A 79) C
5) A 30) C 55) E 80) A
6) C 31) C 56) B 81) D
7) B 32) D 57) C 82) B
8) E 33) C 58) D 83) D
9) D 34) B 59) C 84) B
10) A 35) E 60) D 85) E
11) E 36) C 61) B 86) A
12) D 37) E 62) B 87) B
13) B 38) C 63) D 88) C
14) E 39) A 64) D 89) D
15) A 40) B 65) D 90) E
16) C 41) D 66) E 91) B
17) B 42) A 67) C 92) A
18) E 43) A 68) C 93) E
19) C 44) C 69) B 94) D
20) D 45) B 70) A 95) B
21) C 46) A 71) C 96) E
22) B 47) D 72) A 97) D
23) A 48) A 73) D 98) E
24) D 49) D 74) B 99) E
25) D 50) B 75) A 100) C
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